Sustainable management of globally significant endemic ruminant livestock in West Africa: Estimate of livestock demographic parameters in GuineaILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD) |
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12 month period 12 month retrospective 12 month study age class Age-by-sex structure age1 Agyemang annual offtake annual parturition rates baseline surveys Beyla cattle herds confidence intervals indicated demographic parameters estimated Dinguiraye endemic ruminant livestock exits recorded expected annually fecundity rates females F Figure Gaoual genetic improvement goat herds herd/flock instantaneous hazard rate intake rates standard Interval between parturitions interviewees last 12 months Lesnoff Lifetime reproductive history livestock demographic parameters males Mali Messad month study period mortality rates N'Dama natural death number of animals number of offspring number of parturitions offtake and intake Otte and Chilonda Parity in relation Participatory Rural Appraisal perception of 12 project interventions prolificacy and fecundity purchase/barter pure-bred rate 12 month rates for female rates standard errors reproductive parameters sales/barter Senegal sheep and goats sheep flocks slaughter small ruminants Stillbirth rate sub-Saharan Africa survey sample total number West Africa West African Dwarf withdrawal/theft worse than average