Sustainable management of globally significant endemic ruminant livestock in West Africa: Estimate of livestock demographic parameters in SenegalILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD) |
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12 month period 12 month study 9 animals age class Age-by-sex structure Agyemang annual parturition rates Bandafassy Based on number baseline surveys better than average born in herd cattle cattle herds complete reproductive history confidence intervals indicated demographic parameters estimated different intake events Endemic Ruminant Livestock Estimates of abortion exits recorded expected annually female sheep Figure Gambia genetic improvement goat herds herd/flock instantaneous hazard rate intake rates standard last 12 months Lesnoff Lifetime reproductive history livestock demographic parameters Mali Messad month study period mortality rates N'Dama natural death number of animals number of parturitions offtake and intake Otte and Chilonda Parity in relation Participatory Rural Appraisal perception of 12 project interventions Prolificacy rate purchase/barter pure-bred rates for female rates for natural rates standard errors sales/barter Senegal Sex Age sheep and goats sheep flocks slaughter small ruminants stillbirth sub-Saharan Africa survey sample total number West Africa West African Dwarf worse than average