Introduction to the Physics of Cohesive Sediment Dynamics in the Marine EnvironmentElsevier, 2004 M08 20 - 576 pages This book is an introduction to the physical processes of cohesive sediment in the marine environment. It focuses on highly dynamic systems, such as estuaries and coastal seas. Processes on the continental shelf are also discussed and attention is given to the effects of chemistry, biology and gas.The process descriptions are based on hydrodynamic and soil mechanic principles, which integrate at the soil-water interface. This approach is substantiated through a classification scheme of sediment occurrences in which distinction is made between cohesive and granular material. Emphasis is also placed on the important interactions between turbulent flow and cohesive sediment suspensions, and on the impact of flow-induced forces on the stability of the seabed. An overview of literature on cohesive sediment dynamics is presented and a number of new developments are highlighted, in particular in relation to floc formation, settling and sedimentation, consolidation, bed failure and liquefaction and erosion of the bed. Moreover, it presents a summary on methods and techniques to measure the various sediment properties necessary to quantify the various parameters in the physical-mathematical model descriptions. A number of examples and case studies have been included. |
Contents
1 | |
5 | |
29 | |
4 Flocculation processes | 87 |
5 Settling and sedimentation | 121 |
6 Sedimentfluid interaction | 161 |
7 Selfweight consolidation | 211 |
8 Mechanical behaviour | 253 |
11 Gas in cohesive sediment | 397 |
References | 429 |
Nomenclature | A-1 |
Definitions and useful relations | B-1 |
Measuring techniques | C-1 |
Tensor analysis | D-1 |
The 1DV Point model
| E-1 |
1 | |
Common terms and phrases
bed shear stress behaviour boundary layer bubble clay coefficient cohesive sediment compression computed consolidation constant crack decrease defined deformation density deposition determined deviatoric diffusion distribution e.g. Chapter e.g. Section eddy effective stress entrainment equation equilibrium erodibility erosion erosion rate estuary experiments failure flocculation flocculation model flow velocity fluid mud layer flume flux fractal fractal dimension fraction function gradients hence hindered settling Hydraulics in-situ increase interface isotropic isotropic stress kaolinite Kesteren Kranenburg loading marine environment material measured Mehta mud flocs occur parameter permeability phase plastic pore water pressure processes relation Reynolds number sample sand scale seabed sediment-induced settling velocity shear strain shear strength shown in Fig silt solids strain rate stress tensor suspended sediment concentration tensile tidal turbidity current turbulent flow undrained shear strength values velocity profile vertical viscosity void ratio volume water column water depth wave Western Scheldt Winterwerp yield surface
Popular passages
Page iv - Mud! Mud! Glorious mud! Nothing quite like it for cooling the blood. So, follow me, follow, Down to the hollow, And there let us wallow In glorious mud. The Hippopotamus' (1952) 11 Ma's out, Pa's out— let's talk rude: Pee, po, belly, bum, drawers. 'P~, P', B"~, B", D"""' (c.1956) 12 Eating people is wrong!
Page 51 - Moisture content* of a soil mass is defined as the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of solids (dry weight) of the soil mass.